PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Question 1
Proteins are large molecules made of amino acids. They form part of body structure and play vital roles in the function and regulation of organs, tissues and cells (Schulz and Schirmer, 2013). Some examples of proteins include enzymes, antibodies, and hormones. They serve unique functions. Hormones are chemical compounds produced by special glands to regulate and control certain body functions and activities. For example, the thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormone, which controls several activities, including mood control, reproduction, growth and metabolism (Barrett, 2012). Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific chemical reactions, such as reproduction, digestion, healing, blood coagulation and neutralization of antigens.
Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by the immune system to prevent intruders or antigens such as bacteria, viruses and chemicals from harming the body (Schulz and Schirmer, 2013). They are also called immunoglobulins. Antibodies act by identifying, binding ad neutralizing antigens. They have constant and variable regions, antigen binding sites and light and heavy chains (Barrett, 2012). Their structure is illustrated on Figure 1 below.
Figure
